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Quick answer: Flood Mitigation Assistance (FMA) is FEMA’s annual grant program built specifically to reduce flood damage to NFIP-insured properties — and home elevation is one of its flagship uses. Standard projects are funded at up to 75% federal share, but the program is deliberately tilted toward the homes that flood over and over: repetitive loss properties qualify for up to 90%, and severe repetitive loss properties up to 100% federal funding. In South Carolina the program runs through the state’s flood mitigation program at SCDNR, with communities applying on behalf of homeowners each cycle.

What Makes FMA Different

FEMA runs two big mitigation grant engines, and confusing them costs homeowners real opportunities:

  • HMGP exists only after a Presidential disaster declaration — episodic, administered by SCEMD.
  • FMA exists every year — a standing national competition, funded by the NFIP itself, aimed exclusively at flood risk, and administered in South Carolina through the state flood mitigation program under SCDNR, the state’s NFIP coordinating agency.

That yearly cadence changes the strategy. You don’t wait for a hurricane to create a window — you position your property for the next cycle: NFIP policy in force, loss history documented, an elevation assessment quantifying the project, and your floodplain administrator aware you want in.

The NFIP-insurance requirement is absolute and worth repeating, because it’s where candidates die quietly: FMA only funds properties insured under the NFIP at application. Letting a policy lapse after a bad claim year — exactly when frustrated homeowners are tempted — forfeits eligibility for the program most likely to fund their way out.

The Cost-Share Ladder: Why Flooding History Is Worth Money

FMA’s federal share scales with how badly the NFIP wants to stop paying claims on your house:

Property statusFederal share
Standard NFIP-insured propertyup to 75%
Repetitive loss (RL)up to 90%
Severe repetitive loss (SRL)up to 100%

The designations are formal NFIP categories based on the number and size of past flood claims relative to the building’s value — your insurance agent or floodplain administrator can tell you whether your property carries either label. In Charleston, whole pockets do: the Church Creek basin in West Ashley is among the region’s densest repetitive-loss clusters, and the downtown-adjacent AE zones along the tidal creeks carry long claim histories.

For an SRL home, read that table literally: a fully federally funded elevation is on the menu. For RL homes, the remaining 10% is small enough that an ICC assignment or the SC Office of Resilience’s designated match funds — SCOR has committed disaster-recovery dollars specifically to matching FMA and HMGP projects, including structural home elevation — typically closes it.

FEMA has also run Swift Current, a newer FMA pathway that pushes elevation funding to NFIP-insured, substantially damaged homes on an accelerated post-disaster timeline rather than the annual cycle. Availability depends on FEMA allocations, but it’s worth asking about by name if your home holds a fresh substantial damage determination.

How the Application Actually Moves

Like HMGP, FMA is a community application — homeowners are included, not applicants:

  1. FEMA publishes the annual FMA funding notice.
  2. South Carolina’s flood mitigation program (SCDNR) coordinates the state’s submissions.
  3. Your municipality or county assembles property-level projects — elevations, acquisitions, drainage work — from homeowners who’ve expressed interest and documented their case.
  4. FEMA scores the national competition; awarded projects flow back through the state to the community, which contracts the work.

The homeowner’s job is the same as with HMGP, just on a calendar instead of a catastrophe: be findable and be documented. Loss history assembled, NFIP policy current, elevation cost quantified, floodplain administrator on a first-name basis. Communities build applications from the homeowners they know about.

Reading Your Own Odds

Rank yourself honestly against what FMA rewards: NFIP policy in force (required), mapped flood zone (near-required in practice), claim history (each claim strengthens the benefit-cost math), RL/SRL designation (moves you up the cost-share ladder), and a shovel-ready project number. A West Ashley home with three claims and an SRL letter is a genuinely elite FMA candidate; a never-flooded home with no policy isn’t in the game.

If you don’t know where you stand, that’s the first fixable problem: request a free assessment and we’ll establish your zone, target elevation, and project cost — the numbers every FMA application is built on — and point you to the right floodplain office to get on the list for the next cycle.


Primary sources: FEMA Hazard Mitigation Assistance Program and Policy Guide (FMA); South Carolina State Hazard Mitigation Plan (FMA administration via the state flood mitigation program, SCDNR); SC Office of Resilience mitigation match designation. Cost shares, definitions, and cycle dates are set by FEMA’s annual notice — confirm the current cycle with your floodplain administrator.

Common Questions

What is Flood Mitigation Assistance?

FMA is FEMA's annual, nationally competitive grant program dedicated specifically to reducing flood risk to NFIP-insured properties. Unlike HMGP, it doesn't wait for a disaster — a funding cycle opens every year — and home elevation is one of its core project types.

Do I need flood insurance to qualify for FMA?

Yes — this is FMA's defining requirement. The program is funded by the NFIP and only mitigates properties that carry NFIP flood insurance at the time of application. A lapsed policy is the most common way otherwise strong candidates disqualify themselves.

What's the difference between repetitive loss and severe repetitive loss?

Both describe NFIP-insured homes that keep flooding, and both earn higher federal cost shares under FMA: repetitive loss properties qualify for up to 90% federal funding and severe repetitive loss properties up to 100% — compared with 75% for standard projects. The formal definitions are based on the number and size of past NFIP claims relative to the building's value.

How do I apply for FMA in South Carolina?

Not directly to FEMA — communities apply on behalf of property owners through the state. In South Carolina, the FMA program runs through the state's flood mitigation program under SCDNR, which coordinates the NFIP for the state. Start with your floodplain administrator and ask about the current FMA cycle.

FMA or HMGP — which one fits my situation?

FMA if your home is NFIP-insured with a claim history — especially repetitive losses — since the annual cycle and the 90–100% cost shares favor exactly that profile. HMGP if a recent disaster declaration has opened funding and your jurisdiction is assembling an application. Many Charleston homeowners are viable in both, and the right answer is often whichever window opens first.

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